22 U.S.C. § 2501 — Congressional declaration of purpose

Page 985 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 2501 such cohort, under the Fellowship Program, including feedback from— (A) such cohort on implementation of the Fellowship Program; and (B) the Secretary on lessons learned; (3) a plan for factoring such lessons learned into future programming, and (4) an analysis of trends relating to the di- versity of each cohort of fellows and the topics of projects completed since the establishment of the Fellowship Program. (Pub. L. 87–256, § 115, as added Pub. L. 118–31, div. F, title LXVI, § 6604(a), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 1011.) TERMINATION OF SECTION For termination of section by section 6604(c) of Pub. L. 118–31, see Termination Date note set out below. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries TERMINATION DATE Pub. L. 118–31, div. F, title LXVI, § 6604(c), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 1013, provided that: ‘‘The authority to carry out the John Lewis Civil Rights Fellowship Pro- gram established under section 115 of the Mutual Edu- cational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2451 et seq.) [22 U.S.C. 2465], as added by subsection (a), shall expire on the date that is 10 years after the date of the enactment of this division [Dec. 22, 2023].’’ CHAPTER 34—THE PEACE CORPS Sec. 2501. Congressional declaration of purpose. 2501–1. Independent agency status of Peace Corps. 2501a. Voluntary service programs. 2502. Presidential authorization; appropriations and financial readjustments. 2503. Director and Deputy Director; delegation of functions. 2504. Peace Corps volunteers. 2504a. Health care for volunteers at Peace Corps posts. 2505. Peace Corps volunteer leaders; number; appli- cability of chapter; benefits. 2506. Peace Corps employees. 2507. Training program. 2507a. Sexual assault risk-reduction and response training. 2507b. Sexual assault policy. 2507c. Office of Victim Advocacy. 2507d. Establishment of Sexual Assault Advisory Council. 2507e. Volunteer feedback and Peace Corps review. 2507f. Establishment of a policy on stalking. 2507g. Establishment of a confidentiality protection policy. 2507h. Removal and assessment and evaluation. 2507i. Reporting requirements. 2508. Foreign participants; admission into the United States as nonimmigrants; removal. 2509. Presidential powers and authorities. 2510. Omitted. 2511. Peace Corps National Advisory Council. 2512. Experts and consultants. 2513. Assignment of personnel to foreign govern- ments or international organizations. 2514. Use of funds. 2514a. Authorization for Peace Corps to provide sep- aration pay for host country resident per- sonal services contractors of the Peace Corps. 2515. Foreign Currency Fluctuations Account. 2516. Use of foreign currencies. Sec. 2517. Activities promoting Americans’ under- standing of other peoples. 2518. Seal and name. 2519. Security investigations. 2520. Military training and service exemption. 2521. Foreign language proficiency. 2521a. Nonpartisan appointments. 2522. Definitions. 2523. Separability. § 2501. Congressional declaration of purpose (a) The Congress of the United States declares that it is the policy of the United States and the purpose of this chapter to promote world peace and friendship through a Peace Corps, which shall make available to interested countries and areas men and women of the United States qualified for service abroad and willing to serve, under conditions of hardship if necessary, to help the peoples of such countries and areas in meeting their needs for trained manpower, par- ticularly in meeting the basic needs of those liv- ing in the poorest areas of such countries, and to help promote a better understanding of the American people on the part of the peoples served and a better understanding of other peo- ples on the part of the American people. (b) The Congress declares that it is the policy of the United States and a purpose of the Peace Corps to maintain, to the maximum extent ap- propriate and consistent with programmatic and fiscal considerations, a volunteer corps of at least 10,000 individuals. (Pub. L. 87–293, title I, § 2, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 612; Pub. L. 95–331, § 2, Aug. 2, 1978, 92 Stat. 414; Pub. L. 99–83, title XI, § 1102(a), Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 272.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This chapter, referred to in subsec. (a), was in the original ‘‘this Act’’, meaning Pub. L. 87–293, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 612, known as the Peace Corps Act. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out below and Tables. AMENDMENTS 1985—Pub. L. 99–83 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b). 1978—Pub. L. 95–331 inserted ‘‘particularly in meeting the basic needs of those living in the poorest areas of such countries’’ after ‘‘manpower’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1985 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 99–83 effective Oct. 1, 1985, see section 1301 of Pub. L. 99–83, set out as a note under sec- tion 2151–1 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE Pub. L. 87–293, title I, § 28, formerly § 27, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 625, as renumbered by Pub. L. 99–83, title XI, § 1105(a)(1), Aug. 8, 1985, 99 Stat. 276, provided that: ‘‘This Act [see Short Title note below] shall take effect on the date of its enactment [Sept. 22, 1961].’’ SHORT TITLE OF 2018 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 115–256, § 1(a), Oct. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 3650, pro- vided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting section 2504a of this title, amending sections 2504, 2506 to 2507e, 2509, and 2522 of this title and section 8142 of Title 5, Government Page 986 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 2501 Organization and Employees, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 2504 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Sam Farr and Nick Castle Peace Corps Re- form Act of 2018’.’’ SHORT TITLE OF 2011 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 112–57, § 1, Nov. 21, 2011, 125 Stat. 736, provided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting sections 2507a to 2507i of this title, amending sections 2504, 2506, 2507, and 2509 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 2503 and 2507a of this title] may be cited as the ‘Kate Puzey Peace Corps Volunteer Protection Act of 2011’.’’ SHORT TITLE OF 1978 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 95–331, § 1, Aug. 2, 1978, 92 Stat. 414, provided: ‘‘That this Act [amending this section and sections 2501a, 2502, 2504, 2509, and 2510 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 2501a and 2509 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Peace Corps Act Amendments of 1978’.’’ SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 87–293, title I, § 1, Sept. 22, 1961, 75 Stat. 612, provided that: ‘‘This Act [enacting this chapter, amending section 2253 of former Title 5, Executive De- partments and Government Officers and Employees, section 425 of Title 20, Education, sections 912, 1303, 3121, 3122, 3401, and 6051 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code, and sections 405, 409, and 410 of Title 42, The Pub- lic Health and Welfare, and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 912 and 3121 of Title 26] may be cited as the ‘Peace Corps Act’.’’ DESIGNATION OF PAUL D. COVERDELL PEACE CORPS HEADQUARTERS Pub. L. 107–21, § 1, July 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 194, provided that: ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Effective on the date of enactment of this Act [July 26, 2001], the headquarters offices of the Peace Corps, wherever situated, shall be referred to as the ‘Paul D. Coverdell Peace Corps Headquarters’. ‘‘(b) REFERENCES.—Any reference before the date of enactment of this Act [July 26, 2001] in any law, regula- tion, order, document, record, or other paper of the United States to the headquarters or headquarters of- fices of the Peace Corps shall, on and after such date, be considered to refer to the Paul D. Coverdell Peace Corps Headquarters.’’ Executive Documents EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 10924 Ex. Ord. No. 10924, Mar. 1, 1961, 26 F.R. 1789, relating to the establishment and administration of the Peace Corps, was superseded by Ex. Ord. No. 11041, Aug. 6, 1962, 27 F.R. 7859, formerly set out below. EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 11041 Ex. Ord. No. 11041, Aug. 7, 1962, 27 F.R. 7859, as amend- ed by Ex. Ord. No. 11250, Oct. 10, 1965, 30 F.R. 13003, which provided for the continuance and administration of the Peace Corps in the Department of State, was su- perseded by Ex. Ord. No. 11603, June 30, 1971, 36 F.R. 12675, formerly set out below. EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 11603 Ex. Ord. No. 11603, June 30, 1971, 36 F.R. 12675, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 12107, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1055, which provided for the continuance and adminis- tration of the Peace Corps within ACTION, was super- seded by Ex. Ord. No. 12137, May 16, 1979, 44 F.R. 29023, set out below. EX. ORD. NO. 12137. ADMINISTRATION OF PEACE CORPS AS AN AGENCY WITHIN ACTION Ex. Ord. No. 12137, May 16, 1979, 44 F.R. 29023, as amended by Ex. Ord. No. 12245, Oct. 6, 1980, 45 F.R. 66769; Ex. Ord. No. 12292, Feb. 23, 1981, 46 F.R. 13968; Ex. Ord. No. 12399, Dec. 31, 1982, 48 F.R. 379; Ex. Ord. No. 13724, § 1, Apr. 8, 2016, 81 F.R. 22021, provided: By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Peace Corps Act, as amended (22 U.S.C. 2501–2523) and Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, and as Presi- dent of the United States of America, it is hereby or- dered as follows: 1–1. PEACE CORPS 1–101. The Peace Corps, which was established as an agency in the Department of State pursuant to Execu- tive Order No. 10924 of March 1, 1961 (26 FR 1789) [for- merly set out under this section], which was continued in existence in that Department under the Peace Corps Act (the ‘‘Act’’) [this chapter] pursuant to Section 102 of Executive Order No. 11041 of August 6, 1962 (27 FR 7859) [formerly set out under this section], and which was transferred to and continued as a component of ACTION [now Corporation for National and Community Service] by Executive Order No. 11603 of June 30, 1971 (36 FR 12675) [formerly set out under this section], shall be an agency within ACTION pursuant to the provi- sions of this Order. 1–102. All references to the ‘‘Director’’ in Part 1–1 of this Order shall refer to the Director of the Peace Corps for whom provision is made in Section 4(a) of the Act (22 U.S.C. 2503). 1–103. Exclusive of the functions otherwise delegated by or reserved to the President by this Order, and sub- ject to the provisions of this Order, there are hereby delegated to the Director all functions conferred upon the President by the Act [this chapter] and by Section 2(b) of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1971 [5 U.S.C. App.]. 1–104. The function of determining the portion of liv- ing allowances constituting basic compensation, con- ferred upon the President by Section 201(a) of Public Law 87–293 (26 U.S.C. 912(3)), is hereby delegated to the Director and shall be performed in consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury. 1–105. The functions of prescribing regulations and making determinations (relating to appointment of Peace Corps employees in the Foreign Service System), conferred upon the President by Section 5 of Public Law 89–135 (79 Stat. 551) [probably means section 5(b) of Pub. L. 89–134, Aug. 24, 1965, 79 Stat. 551, set out as a note under section 2506 of this title], are hereby dele- gated to the Director. 1–106. The functions of prescribing conditions, con- ferred upon the President by the second sentence of Section 5(e), as amended (22 U.S.C. 2504(e)), and the third proviso of Section 6 of the Act (22 U.S.C. 2505) (re- lating to providing health care in Government facili- ties) and hereinabove delegated to the Director, shall be exercised in consultation with the head of the United States Government agency responsible for the facility. 1–107. The reports required by Section 11 of the Act, as amended ([former] 22 U.S.C. 2510), shall be prepared by the Director and submitted to the Congress through the President. 1–108. Subject to applicable provisions of law, all funds appropriated or otherwise made available to the President for carrying out the provisions of the Act [this chapter] shall be deemed to be allocated without any further action of the President to the Director or to such subordinate officer as the Director may des- ignate. The Director or such officer may allocate or transfer, as appropriate, any of such funds to any United States Government agency or part thereof for obligation or expenditures thereby consistent with ap- plicable law. 1–109. Nothing in this Order shall be deemed to impair or limit the powers or functions vested in the Secretary of State by the Act [this chapter]. 1–110. The negotiation, conclusion, and termination of international agreements pursuant to the Act [this chapter] shall be under the direction of the Secretary of State. 1–111. Any substantial change in policies in effect on the date of this Order for the utilization of the Foreign Page 987 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 2501 Service Act of 1980 [22 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.], pursuant to Section 7 of the Act (22 U.S.C. 2506), shall be coordi- nated with the Secretary of State. 1–112. The Director shall consult and coordinate with the Director of ACTION to assure that the functions delegated to the Director by this Order are carried out consistently with the functions conferred upon the Di- rector of ACTION by the Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973 (42 U.S.C. 4951 et seq.), (‘‘Volunteer Service Act’’), Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1971 [5 U.S.C. App.] and this Order. 1–113. The functions of adopting, altering, and using an official seal or emblem of the Peace Corps as set forth in section 19 of the Peace Corps Act (22 U.S.C. 2518) is hereby delegated to the Director of the Peace Corps. 1–2. THE PEACE CORPS ADVISORY COUNCIL [REVOKED BY EX. ORD. NO. 12399, DEC. 31, 1982, 48 F.R. 379] 1–3. RESERVATION OF FUNCTIONS TO THE PRESIDENT 1–301. There are hereby excluded from the delegations made by Section 1–1 of this Order the following powers and functions of the President: (a) All authority conferred by Sections 4(b), 4(c)(2), 4(c)(3), 10(d), and 18 of the Act (22 U.S.C. 2503(b), (c)(2), (c)(3), 2509(d), and 2517). (b) The authority conferred by Section 4(a) of the Act (22 U.S.C. 2503(a)) to appoint the Director and the Dep- uty Director of the Peace Corps. (c) The authority conferred on the President by Sec- tion 5(f)(1)(B) of the Act (22 U.S.C. 2504(f)(1)(B)). (d) The authority conferred by Section 10(f) of the Act (22 U.S.C. 2509(f)) to direct any agency of the United States Government to provide services, facili- ties, and commodities to officers carrying out func- tions under the Act [this chapter]. 1–4. INCIDENTAL PROVISIONS 1–401. Persons appointed, employed, or assigned under Section 7(a) of the Act (22 U.S.C. 2506(a)) shall not, un- less otherwise agreed by the agency in which such ben- efits may be exercised, be entitled to the benefits pro- vided by Section 310 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980 (22 U.S.C. 3950) in cases in which their service under the appointment, employment, or assignment exceeds thir- ty months. 1–402. Pursuant to Section 10(d) of the Act (22 U.S.C. 2509(d)), it is hereby determined to be in furtherance of the purposes of the Act [this chapter] that functions authorized thereby may be performed without regard to the applicable laws specified in Section 1 and 2 of Exec- utive Order No. 11223 of May 12, 1965 [22 U.S.C. 2393 note], and with or without consideration as specified in Section 3 of that Order, but subject to the limitations set forth in that Order. 1–403. As used in this Order, the words ‘‘Volunteers,’’ ‘‘functions,’’ ‘‘United States,’’ and ‘‘United States Gov- ernment agency’’ shall have the same meanings, re- spectively, as they have under the Act [this chapter]. 1–5. NATIONAL VOLUNTARY ACTION PROGRAM 1–501. The National Voluntary Action Program to en- courage and stimulate more widespread and effective voluntary action for solving public domestic problems, established in the Executive Branch of the Government by Section 1 of Executive Order No. 11470 of May 26, 1969 [formerly set out as a note under section 2701 of Title 42, the Public Health and Welfare], is continued in AC- TION. That program shall supplement corresponding action by private and other non-Federal organizations such as the National Center for Voluntary Action. As used in this Order, the term ‘‘voluntary action’’ means the contribution or application of non-governmental resources of all kinds (time, money, goods, services, and skills) by private and other organizations of all types (profit and nonprofit, national and local, occupa- tional, and altruistic) and by individual citizens. 1–6. DIRECTOR OF ACTION 1–601. In addition to the functions vested in the Direc- tor of ACTION by the Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973 (42 U.S.C., Section 4951 et seq.), Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1971 [5 U.S.C. App.], and Section 1–401 of this Order, the Director of ACTION shall: (a) Encourage local, national and international vol- untary activities directed toward the solution or miti- gation of community problems. (b) Provide for the development and operation of a clearinghouse for information on Government pro- grams designed to foster voluntary action. (c) Initiate proposals for the greater and more effec- tive application of voluntary action in connection with Federal programs, and coordinate, as consistent with law, Federal activities involving such action. (d) Make grants of seed money, as authorized by law, for stimulating the development or deployment of in- novative voluntary action programs directed toward community problems. 1–602. The head of each Federal department and agen- cy, or a designated representative, when so requested by the Director of ACTION or the Director of the Peace Corps, shall, to the extent permitted by law and funds available, furnish information and assistance, and par- ticipate in all ways appropriate to carry out the objec- tives of this Order, the Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973 [42 U.S.C. 4951 et seq.] and Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1971 [5 U.S.C. App.]. 1–603. The head of each Federal department or agency shall, when so requested by the Director of ACTION, designate a senior official to have primary and con- tinuing responsibility for the participation and co- operation of that department or agency in matters con- cerning voluntary action. 1–604. The head of each Federal department or agen- cy, or a designated representative, shall keep the Di- rector of ACTION informed of proposed budgets, plans, and programs of that department or agency affecting voluntary action programs. 1–605. Under the direction of the President and sub- ject to the responsibilities of the Secretary of State, the Director of ACTION shall be responsible for the general direction of those ACTION functions, which jointly serve ACTION domestic volunteer components and the Peace Corps, and for advising the Director of the Peace Corps to ensure that the functions delegated under this Order to the Director of the Peace Corps are carried out. 1–7. GENERAL PROVISIONS 1–701. Except to the extent that they may be incon- sistent with this Order, all determinations, authoriza- tions, regulations, rulings, certifications, orders, direc- tives, contracts, agreements, and other actions made, issued or entered into with respect to any function af- fected by this Order and not revoked, superseded, or otherwise made inapplicable before the effective date of this Order shall continue in full force and effect until amended, modified, or terminated by appropriate au- thority. 1–702. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein, nothing in this Order shall be construed as subjecting any department, establishment, or other instrumen- tality of the Executive Branch of the Federal Govern- ment or the head thereof, or any function vested by law in or assigned pursuant to law to any such agency or head, to the authority of any other agency or head or as abrogating, modifying, or restricting any such func- tion in any manner. 1–703. So much of the personnel, property, records, and unexpended balances or appropriations, alloca- tions, and other funds employed, used, held, available, or to be made available in connection with the func- tions assigned to the Director of the Peace Corps or to the Director of ACTION by this Order as the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall deter- mine, shall be transferred to the Director of the Peace Corps or the Director of ACTION at such time or times as the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall direct. 1–704. To the extent permitted by law, such further measures and dispositions as the Director of the Office Page 988 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 2501–1 of Management and Budget shall deem to be necessary in order to effectuate the provisions of this Order shall be carried out by such agencies as the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall specify. 1–705. The authority conferred by Sections 1–703 and 1–704 of this Order shall supplement, not limit, the pro- visions of Section 1–108 of this Order. 1–706. Executive Order Nos. 11041, 11250, 11470 and 11603 are hereby superseded. 1–707. This Order shall become effective May 16, 1979. EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 12468 Ex. Ord. No. 12468, Mar. 22, 1984, 49 F.R. 11139, which established the Presidential Advisory Council on the Peace Corps and provided for its membership, func- tions, etc., was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12534, Sept. 30, 1985, 50 F.R. 40319, formerly set out as a note under sec- tion 1013 of Title 5, Government Organization and Em- ployees. § 2501–1. Independent agency status of Peace Corps Effective on December 29, 1981, the Peace Corps shall be an independent agency within the executive branch and shall not be an agency within the ACTION Agency, the successor to the ACTION Agency, or any other department or agency of the United States. (Pub. L. 87–293, title I, § 2A, as added Pub. L. 97–113, title VI, § 601(a), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1540; amended Pub. L. 103–82, title IV, § 405(e), Sept. 21, 1993, 107 Stat. 921.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1993—Pub. L. 103–82 inserted ‘‘, the successor to the ACTION Agency,’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1993 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 103–82 effective Apr. 4, 1994, see section 406(b) of Pub. L. 103–82, set out as a note under section 8332 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees. TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS, PERSONNEL, ETC., TO PEACE CORPS Pub. L. 97–113, title VI, § 601(b), (c), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1540, provided that: ‘‘(b) There are transferred to the Director of the Peace Corps all functions relating to the Peace Corps which were vested in the Director of the ACTION Agen- cy [now Corporation for National and Community Serv- ice] on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 29, 1981]. ‘‘(c)(1) All personnel, assets liabilities, contracts, property, records, and unexpended balances of appro- priations, authorizations, allocations, and other funds are are determined by the Director of the Office of Management and Budget, after consultation with the Comptroller General of the United States, the Director of the Peace Corps, and the Director of the ACTION Agency, to be employed, held, used, or assumed pri- marily in connection with any function relating to the Peace Corps before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 29, 1981] are transferred to the Peace Corps. The transfer of unexpended balances pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be subject to section 202 of the Budget and Accounting Procedures Act of 1950 (31 U.S.C. 581c) [31 U.S.C. 1531]. ‘‘(2)(A) The transfer pursuant to this subsection of full-time personnel (except special Government em- ployees) and part-time personnel holding permanent positions shall not cause any employee to be separated or reduced in rank, class, grade, or compensation, or otherwise suffer a loss of employment benefits for one year after— ‘‘(i) the date on which the director of the Office of Management and Budget submits the report required by subsection (f)(l) of this section, or ‘‘(ii) the effective date of the transfer of such em- ployee, whichever occurs later. ‘‘(B) The personnel transferred pursuant to this sub- section shall, to the maximum extent feasible, be as- signed to such related functions and organizational units in the Peace Corps as such personnel were as- signed to immediately before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 29, 1981]. ‘‘(C) Collective-bargaining agreements in effect on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 29, 1981] covering personnel transferred pursuant to this sub- section or employed on such date of enactment [Dec. 29, 1981] by the Peace Corps shall continue to be recognized by the Peace Corps until the termination date of such agreements or until such agreements are modified in accordance with applicable procedures. ‘‘(3) Under such regulations as the President may pre- scribe, each person who, immediately before the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 29, 1981], does not hold an appointment under section 7(a)(2) of the Peace Corps Act [22 U.S.C. 2506(a)(2)] and who is determined under paragraph (1) of this subsection to be employed pri- marily in connection with any function relating to the Peace Corps shall, effective on the date of the enact- ment of this Act [Dec. 29, 1981], and notwithstanding subparagraph (B) of section 7(a)(2) of the Peace Corps Act, be appointed a member of the Foreign Service under section 7(a)(2) of the Peace Corps Act [22 U.S.C. 2506(a)(2)], and be appointed or assigned to an appro- priate class of the Foreign Service, except that— ‘‘(A) any person who, immediately before such date of enactment [Dec. 29, 1981], holds a career or career- conditional appointment shall not, without the con- sent of such person, be so appointed until three years after such date of enactment [Dec. 29, 1981], during which period any such person not consenting to be so appointed may continue to hold such career or ca- reer-conditional appointment; and ‘‘(B) each person so appointed who, immediately be- fore such date of enactment [Dec. 29, 1981], held a ca- reer or career-conditional appointment at grade GS–8 or lower of the General Schedule established by sec- tion 5332 of title 5, United States Code, shall be ap- pointed a member of the Foreign Service for the du- ration of operations under the Peace Corps Act [this chapter]. Each person appointed under this paragraph shall re- ceive basic compensation at the rate of such person’s class determined by the President to be appropriate, except that the rate of basic compensation received by such person immediately before the effective date of such person’s appointment under this paragraph shall not be reduced as a result of the provisions of this para- graph.’’ REFERENCES TO ACTION AGENCY OR DIRECTOR OF AC- TION AGENCY WITH RESPECT TO PEACE CORPS OR DIRECTOR FUNCTIONS OR ACTIVITIES Pub. L. 97–113, title VI, § 601(g), Dec. 29, 1981, 95 Stat. 1542, provided that: ‘‘References in any statute, reorga- nization plan, Executive order, regulation, or other of- ficial document or proceeding to the ACTION Agency [now Corporation for National and Community Service] or the Director of the ACTION Agency with respect to functions or activities relating to the Peace Corps shall be deemed to refer to the Peace Corps or the Director of the Peace Corps, respectively.’’ § 2501a. Voluntary service programs (a) Congressional declaration of policy of en- couragement The Congress declares that it is the policy of the United States and a further purpose of this