42 U.S.C. § 1885 — Congressional statement of findings and

Page 5171 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 1885 § 1882. Information furnished to Congressional committees Notwithstanding any other provision of this or any other Act, the Director of the National Science Foundation and the National Science Board shall keep the Committee on Labor and Human Resources of the Senate and the Com- mittee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives fully and currently in- formed with respect to all of the activities of the National Science Foundation. (Pub. L. 96–44, § 9, Aug. 2, 1979, 93 Stat. 335; Pub. L. 99–159, title I, § 109(i), Nov. 22, 1985, 99 Stat. 890; Pub. L. 103–437, § 15(c)(2), Nov. 2, 1994, 108 Stat. 4591.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This Act, referred to in text, is Pub. L. 96–44, known as the National Science Foundation Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1980. For classification of this Act to the Code, see Tables. CODIFICATION Section was enacted as part of the authorization act cited as the credit to this section, and not as part of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 which comprises this chapter. PRIOR PROVISIONS Provisions similar to this section were contained in the following prior authorization acts: Pub. L. 95–434, § 7, Oct. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 1050. Pub. L. 95–99, § 11, formerly § 13, Aug. 15, 1977, 91 Stat. 835, renumbered § 11, Pub. L. 99–159, title I, § 109(h), Nov. 22, 1985, 99 Stat. 890. Pub. L. 94–471, § 11, Oct. 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 2058. Pub. L. 94–86, § 11, Aug. 9, 1975, 89 Stat. 431. Pub. L. 93–413, § 7, Sept. 4, 1974, 88 Stat. 1095. Pub. L. 93–96, § 9, Aug. 16, 1973, 87 Stat. 317. Pub. L. 91–120, § 6, Nov. 18, 1969, 83 Stat. 203. AMENDMENTS 1994—Pub. L. 103–437 substituted ‘‘Science, Space, and Technology’’ for ‘‘Science and Technology’’. 1985—Pub. L. 99–159 inserted ‘‘and the National Science Board’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries CHANGE OF NAME Committee on Labor and Human Resources of Senate changed to Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of Senate by Senate Resolution No. 20, One Hundred Sixth Congress, Jan. 19, 1999. § 1883. Office of Small Business Research and De- velopment The National Science Foundation is author- ized and directed to establish an Office of Small Business Research and Development. The Foun- dation through the Office of Small Business Re- search and Development and in cooperation and consultation with the Small Business Adminis- tration shall— (1) foster communication between the Na- tional Science Foundation and the small busi- ness community, and insure that the set-aside for small business concerns provided under this Act or any other Act authorizing appro- priations for the National Science Foundation is fully and effectively utilized; (2) collect, analyze, compile, and publish in- formation concerning grants and contracts awarded to small business concerns by the Foundation, and the procedures for handling proposals submitted by small business con- cerns; (3) assist individual small business concerns in obtaining information regarding programs, policies, and procedures of the Foundation, and assure the expeditious processing of pro- posals by small business concerns based on sci- entific and technical merit; and (4) recommend to the Director and to the National Science Board such changes in the procedures and practices of the Foundation as may be required to enable the Foundation to draw fully on the resources of the small busi- ness research and development community. (Pub. L. 94–471, § 8, Oct. 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 2057; Pub. L. 99–386, title I, § 108, Aug. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 822.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This Act, referred to in par. (1), is Pub. L. 94–471, Oct. 11, 1976, 90 Stat. 2053, known as the National Science Foundation Authorization Act, 1977, which, insofar as classified to the Code, enacted sections 1882 and 1883 of this title, amended section 1863 of this title, and en- acted provisions set out as notes under sections 1862, 1864, 1873, and 5820 of this title. For complete classifica- tion of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 1976 Amendment note set out under section 1861 of this title and Tables. CODIFICATION Section was enacted as part of the National Science Foundation Authorization Act, 1977, and not as part of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 which comprises this chapter. AMENDMENTS 1986—Par. (5). Pub. L. 99–386 struck out par. (5) which related to quarterly reports to Congress concerning ac- tivities of Office of Small Business Research and Devel- opment. § 1884. Repealed. Pub. L. 99–159, title I, § 109(h), Nov. 22, 1985, 99 Stat. 890 Section, Pub. L. 95–99, § 6, Aug. 15, 1977, 91 Stat. 833, related to the establishment, etc., of the Resource Cen- ter for Science and Engineering. § 1885. Congressional statement of findings and declaration of policy respecting equal oppor- tunities in science and engineering (a) The Congress finds that it is in the na- tional interest to promote the full use of human resources in science and engineering and to in- sure the full development and use of the sci- entific and engineering talents and skills of men and women, equally, of all ethnic, racial, and economic backgrounds, including persons with disabilities. (b) The Congress declares it is the policy of the United States to encourage men and women, equally, of all ethnic, racial, and economic backgrounds, including persons with disabil- ities, to acquire skills in science, engineering, and mathematics, to have equal opportunity in education, training, and employment in sci- Page 5172 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 1885a entific and engineering fields, and thereby to promote scientific and engineering literacy and the full use of the human resources of the Na- tion in science and engineering. To this end, the Congress declares that the highest quality science and engineering over the long-term re- quires substantial support, from currently avail- able research and educational funds, for in- creased participation in science and engineering by women, minorities, and persons with disabil- ities. The Congress further declares that the im- pact on women, minorities, and persons with disabilities which is produced by advances in science and engineering must be included as es- sential factors in national and international science, engineering, and economic policies. (Pub. L. 96–516, § 32, Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 3010; Pub. L. 99–159, title I, § 111(b)(2)–(5), Nov. 22, 1985, 99 Stat. 892; Pub. L. 107–368, § 16, Dec. 19, 2002, 116 Stat. 3059.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Section was enacted as part of the Science and Engi- neering Equal Opportunities Act, and not as part of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 which com- prises this chapter. AMENDMENTS 2002—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 107–368, § 16(1), substituted ‘‘backgrounds, including persons with disabilities’’ for ‘‘backgrounds’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–368, § 16(2), inserted ‘‘, including persons with disabilities,’’ after ‘‘back- grounds’’ and substituted ‘‘, minorities, and persons with disabilities’’ for ‘‘and minorities’’ in two places. 1985—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 99–159, § 111(b)(2), sub- stituted ‘‘engineering’’ for ‘‘technology’’ and ‘‘sci- entific and engineering talents and skills’’ for ‘‘sci- entific talent and technical skills’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–159, § 111(b)(3)–(5), inserted ‘‘, engineering,’’ after ‘‘skills in science’’, substituted ‘‘engineering’’ for ‘‘technical’’, ‘‘scientific and engi- neering literacy’’ for ‘‘scientific literacy’’, and ‘‘engi- neering’’ for ‘‘technology’’ wherever appearing, and in- serted ‘‘and engineering’’ after ‘‘highest quality science’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries SHORT TITLE For short title of sections 31 et seq. of Pub. L. 96–516 as the ‘‘Science and Engineering Equal Opportunities Act’’, see section 31 of Pub. L. 96–516, as amended, set out as a Short Title of 1980 Amendment note under sec- tion 1861 of this title. SEVERABILITY OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES ACT Pub. L. 96–516, § 38, Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 3014, provided that: ‘‘If a provision of this Act [enacting sections 1885 to 1885d of this title and provisions set out as notes under sections 1861 and 1885 of this title] is held invalid, the validity of the other provisions of the Act shall not be affected. If an application of a provision of this Act to a person or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the application of the provisions to another person or circumstance shall not be affected.’’ REPORTS TO CONGRESS CONCERNING NATIONAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT OF PROMOTION, ETC., OF EQUAL OP- PORTUNITY FOR WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, AND IMPACTS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ON WOMEN AND MINORITIES Pub. L. 96–516, § 35, Dec. 12, 1980, 94 Stat. 3012, directed President, with assistance of Director of Office of Science and Technology Policy and Director of Founda- tion, to prepare and transmit before Jan. 20, 1982, a re- port to Congress proposing a comprehensive national policy and program, including budgetary and legisla- tive recommendations, for promotion of equal oppor- tunity for women and minorities in science and tech- nology, and directed President, with assistance of Di- rector of Office of Science and Technology Policy, heads of appropriate executive departments, and Direc- tor of the Foundation to prepare and transmit before Jan. 1, 1983, a report to Congress proposing a com- prehensive policy, including budgetary and legislative recommendations, concerning direct and indirect im- pacts of science and technology on women and minori- ties. § 1885a. Women in science and engineering; sup- port of activities by Foundation for pro- motion, etc. The Foundation is authorized to— (1) support activities designed to— (A) increase the participation of women in courses of study at the undergraduate, grad- uate, and postgraduate levels leading to de- grees in scientific and engineering fields; (B) encourage women to consider and pre- pare for careers in science and engineering; or (C) provide traineeship and fellowship op- portunities for women in science and engi- neering; (2) support programs in science, engineering, and mathematics in elementary and secondary schools so as to stimulate the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and information by female students and to increase female student awareness of career opportunities requiring scientific and engineering skills; (3) support activities in continuing edu- cation in science and engineering which pro- vide opportunities for women who— (A) are in the work force, or (B) who are not in the work force because their careers have been interrupted, to acquire new knowledge, techniques, and skills in scientific and engineering fields; (4) undertake a comprehensive research pro- gram designed to increase public under- standing of (A) the potential contribution of women in science and engineering and (B) the means to facilitate the participation and ad- vancement of women in scientific and engi- neering careers; (5) establish a visiting women scientists and engineers program; (6) support activities designed to improve the availability and quality of public informa- tion concerning the importance of the partici- pation of women in careers in science and en- gineering; (7) support activities of museums and science centers which demonstrate potential to interest and involve women in science and engineering; (8) make grants, to be known as the National Research Opportunity Grants, to women sci- entists and engineers who (A) have received their doctorates within five years prior to the date of the award or (B) have received their doctorates, have had their careers interrupted, and are re-entering the work force within five years after such interruption;