Page 1694
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§ 9176
(1) increase the number of students from di-
verse and underrepresented backgrounds en-
rolled in graduate and undergraduate mu-
seum-related programs as well as other rel-
evant programs offered through other edu-
cation-focused entities, such as State and
local governments, associations, and nonprofit
organizations, in order to effectively prepare
the students for, and retain the students in,
careers in museum services;
(2) recruit future museum professionals from
diverse and underrepresented backgrounds, in-
cluding efforts to attract promising middle
school, high school, or postsecondary students
to consider careers in museum services such as
through offering paid internships, mentoring,
and fellowship opportunities;
(3) develop new or enhance current profes-
sional development and retention programs
for museum professionals and the museum
workforce, including through mid-career skill-
building, mentoring, and fellowships, and by
supporting the development of local and re-
gional networks for those who may not have
easy access to such opportunities; and
(4) support and conduct research, needs as-
sessments, pilot programs, and evaluation of
education and professional development pro-
grams to explore successful approaches that
can successfully recruit, prepare, educate, and
retain the next generation of museum profes-
sionals.
(c) Evaluation
The Director shall establish procedures for re-
viewing and evaluating arrangements supported
under this section.
(Pub. L. 94–462, title II, § 275, as added Pub. L.
115–410, § 19(2), Dec. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 5421.)
Editorial Notes
PRIOR PROVISIONS
A prior section 9175, Pub. L. 94–462, title II, § 275, as
added Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII,
§
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Page 1694
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§ 9176
(1) increase the number of students from di-
verse and underrepresented backgrounds en-
rolled in graduate and undergraduate mu-
seum-related programs as well as other rel-
evant programs offered through other edu-
cation-focused entities, such as State and
local governments, associations, and nonprofit
organizations, in order to effectively prepare
the students for, and retain the students in,
careers in museum services;
(2) recruit future museum professionals from
diverse and underrepresented backgrounds, in-
cluding efforts to attract promising middle
school, high school, or postsecondary students
to consider careers in museum services such as
through offering paid internships, mentoring,
and fellowship opportunities;
(3) develop new or enhance current profes-
sional development and retention programs
for museum professionals and the museum
workforce, including through mid-career skill-
building, mentoring, and fellowships, and by
supporting the development of local and re-
gional networks for those who may not have
easy access to such opportunities; and
(4) support and conduct research, needs as-
sessments, pilot programs, and evaluation of
education and professional development pro-
grams to explore successful approaches that
can successfully recruit, prepare, educate, and
retain the next generation of museum profes-
sionals.
(c) Evaluation
The Director shall establish procedures for re-
viewing and evaluating arrangements supported
under this section.
(Pub. L. 94–462, title II, § 275, as added Pub. L.
115–410, § 19(2), Dec. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 5421.)
Editorial Notes
PRIOR PROVISIONS
A prior section 9175, Pub. L. 94–462, title II, § 275, as
added Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII,
§ 702], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–304, related
to National Museum Services Board, prior to repeal by
Pub. L. 108–81, title III, § 304, Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat.
1002.
A prior section 275 of Pub. L. 94–462 was renumbered
section 276 and is classified to section 9176 of this title.
§ 9176. Authorization of appropriations
(a) Grants
For the purpose of carrying out this sub-
chapter, there are authorized to be appropriated
to the Director $38,600,000 for each of the fiscal
years 2020 through 2025.
(b) Sums remaining available
Sums appropriated pursuant to subsection (a)
for any fiscal year shall remain available for ob-
ligation until expended.
(c) Funding rules
Notwithstanding any other provision of this
subchapter, if the amount appropriated under
subsection (a) for a fiscal year is greater than
the amount appropriated under such subsection
for fiscal year 2020 by more than $10,000,000, then
an amount of not less than 30 percent but not
more than 50 percent of the increase in appro-
priated funds shall be available, from the funds
appropriated under such subsection for the fiscal
year, to enter into arrangements under section
9173 of this title to carry out the State assess-
ments described in section 9173(a)(4) of this title
and to assist States in the implementation of
such plans.
(Pub. L. 94–462, title II, § 276, as added Pub. L.
104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 702],
Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–306; renum-
bered § 275 and amended Pub. L. 108–81, title III,
§ 305, Sept. 25, 2003, 117 Stat. 1002; Pub. L. 111–340,
title III, § 304, Dec. 22, 2010, 124 Stat. 3604; renum-
bered § 276 and amended Pub. L. 115–410, §§ 19(1),
20, Dec. 31, 2018, 132 Stat. 5421, 5422.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2018—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115–410, § 20(1), substituted
‘‘each of the fiscal years 2020 through 2025’’ for ‘‘fiscal
year 2011 and such sums as may be necessary for each
of the fiscal years 2012 through 2016’’.
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 115–410, § 20(2), substituted ‘‘fiscal
year 2020’’ for ‘‘fiscal year 2011’’.
2010—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–340, § 304(1), added sub-
sec. (a) and struck out heading and text of former sub-
sec. (a). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: ‘‘For
the purpose of carrying out this subchapter, there are
authorized to be appropriated to the Director $38,600,000
for fiscal year 2004 and such sums as may be necessary
for fiscal years 2005 through 2009.’’
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111–340, § 304(2), (3), redesignated
subsec. (c) as (b) and struck out heading and text of
former subsec. (b). Prior to amendment, text of former
subsec. (b) read as follows: ‘‘Not more than 10 percent
of the funds appropriated under this section for a fiscal
year may be used to pay for the administrative costs of
carrying out this subchapter.’’
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 111–340, § 304(4), added subsec. (c).
Former subsec. (c) redesignated (b).
2003—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108–81, § 305(1), substituted
‘‘$38,600,000 for fiscal year 2004 and such sums as may be
necessary for fiscal years 2005 through 2009.’’ for
‘‘$28,700,000 for the fiscal year 1997, and such sums as
may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 1998
through 2002.’’
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2003 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 108–81 effective Oct. 1, 2003,
see section 506 of Pub. L. 108–81, set out as a note under
section 9101 of this title.
CHAPTER 73—ADULT EDUCATION AND
LITERACY
SUBCHAPTER I—ADULT EDUCATION AND
FAMILY LITERACY
§§ 9201 to 9204. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–128, title V,
§ 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705
Section 9201, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 202, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1059, related to the purpose of this sub-
chapter.
Section 9202, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 203, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1060; Pub. L. 105–244, title I, § 102(d)(2),
Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1622; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f)
[title VIII, § 404(a)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337,
2681–416; Pub. L. 107–110, title X, § 1076(s), Jan. 8, 2002,
115 Stat. 2092, provided the definitions of this sub-
chapter.
Section 9203, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 204, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1062; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title
Page 1695
TITLE 20—EDUCATION
§§ 9271 to 9276
VIII, § 404(a)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–416,
related to the effect of this subchapter on home
schools.
Section 9204, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 205, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1062; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title
VIII, § 404(a)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–416,
authorized appropriations.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL
Repeal effective on the first day of the first full pro-
gram year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section
506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as an Effective Date note
under section 3101 of Title 29, Labor.
EFFECTIVE DATE
Pub. L. 105–220, title V, § 507, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat.
1247, which provided that Pub. L. 105–220, and the
amendments made by Pub. L. 105–220, would take effect
on Aug. 7, 1998, except as otherwise provided, was re-
pealed by Pub. L. 113–128, title V, § 511(a), July 22, 2014,
128 Stat. 1705.
SHORT TITLE
Pub. L. 105–220, § 1(a), Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 936, which
provided that Pub. L. 105–220 could be cited as the
‘‘Workforce Investment Act of 1998’’, was repealed by
Pub. L. 113–128, title V, § 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat.
1705.
Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 201, Aug. 7, 1998, 112 Stat.
1059, which provided that title II of Pub. L. 105–220
could be cited as the ‘‘Adult Education and Family Lit-
eracy Act’’, was repealed by Pub. L. 113–128, title V,
§ 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705.
PART A—ADULT EDUCATION AND LITERACY
PROGRAMS
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
This part was, in the original, designated subtitle A
of title II of Pub. L. 105–220 and was redesignated part
A of this subchapter for purposes of codification, prior
to repeal of Pub. L. 105–220 by Pub. L. 113–128, title V,
§ 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705. This subchapter did
not contain a part B, because subtitle B (§ 251) of title
II of Pub. L. 105–220 repealed numerous sections of the
Code and was executed to those sections, see Tables.
SUBPART 1—FEDERAL PROVISIONS
§§ 9211, 9212. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–128, title V,
§ 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705
Section 9211, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 211, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1062; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title
VIII, § 404(b)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–416,
related to reservation of appropriated funds and grants
and allotment of funds to eligible agencies.
Section 9212, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 212, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1064; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title
VIII, § 404(c)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–416,
related to performance accountability system.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL
Repeal effective on the first day of the first full pro-
gram year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section
506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as an Effective Date note
under section 3101 of Title 29, Labor.
SUBPART 2—STATE PROVISIONS
§§ 9221 to 9225. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–128, title V,
§ 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705
Section 9221, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 221, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1066, related to State administration of
activities under this part.
Section 9222, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 222, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1066, related to State distribution of
funds and matching requirement.
Section 9223, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 223, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1067, related to State leadership activi-
ties.
Section 9224, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 224, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1068; Pub. L. 105–332, § 4(1), Oct. 31, 1998,
112 Stat. 3126, provided for the requirement of a 5-year
State plan.
Section 9225, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 225, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1069; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title
VIII, § 404(d)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–417,
related to programs for corrections education and other
institutionalized individuals.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL
Repeal effective on the first day of the first full pro-
gram year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section
506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as an Effective Date note
under section 3101 of Title 29, Labor.
SUBPART 3—LOCAL PROVISIONS
§§ 9241 to 9243. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–128, title V,
§ 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705
Section 9241, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 231, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1070, related to grants and contracts for
eligible providers.
Section 9242, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 232, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1072, related to submission of applica-
tions by eligible providers.
Section 9243, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 233, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1072, related to local administrative cost
limits.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL
Repeal effective on the first day of the first full pro-
gram year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section
506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as an Effective Date note
under section 3101 of Title 29, Labor.
SUBPART 4—GENERAL PROVISIONS
§§ 9251 to 9253. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–128, title V,
§ 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705
Section 9251, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 241, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1072, related to administrative provi-
sions.
Section 9252, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 242, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1073; Pub. L. 110–154, § 1(c)(2), Dec. 21, 2007,
121 Stat. 1827; Pub. L. 112–166, § 2(dd), Aug. 10, 2012, 126
Stat. 1290, established the National Institute for Lit-
eracy.
Section 9253, Pub. L. 105–220, title II, § 243, Aug. 7,
1998, 112 Stat. 1078; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title
VIII, § 404(e)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–417;
Pub. L. 110–154, § 1(c)(2), Dec. 21, 2007, 121 Stat. 1827, re-
lated to national leadership activities.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL
Repeal effective on the first day of the first full pro-
gram year after July 22, 2014 (July 1, 2015), see section
506 of Pub. L. 113–128, set out as an Effective Date note
under section 3101 of Title 29, Labor.
SUBCHAPTER II—GENERAL PROVISIONS
§§ 9271 to 9276. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–128, title V,
§ 511(a), July 22, 2014, 128 Stat. 1705
Section 9271, Pub. L. 105–220, title V, § 501, Aug. 7, 1998,
112 Stat. 1242; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title VIII,
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